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In cases where native platform GUI libraries do not support the functionality required for SWT, SWT implements its own GUI code in Java, similar to Swing. Because of this, SWT widgets are often referred to as 'heavyweight', evoking images of a light Java wrapper around a 'heavy' native object. SWT is a wrapper around native code objects, such as GTK objects, Motif objects etc. Eclipse is written in Java, and IBM developers, deciding that they needed a toolkit that had 'native look and feel' and 'native performance', created SWT as a Swing replacement. They decided to open-source the project, which led to the development of Eclipse, intended to compete against other IDEs such as Microsoft Visual Studio.

IBM was developing VisualAge, an integrated development environment (IDE) written in Smalltalk.

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IBM Smalltalk's Common Widget layer provided fast, native access to multiple platform widget sets while still providing a common API without suffering the lowest common denominator problem typical of other portable graphical user interface (GUI) toolkits. The roots of SWT go back to work that Object Technology International (OTI), did in the 1990s when creating multiplatform, portable, native widget interfaces for Smalltalk, originally for OTI Smalltalk, which became IBM Smalltalk in 1993. Swing GUI elements are all-Java with no native code: instead of wrapping native GUI components, Swing draws its own components by using Java 2D to call low-level operating system drawing routines.

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Swing was developed to provide a richer set of GUI software components than AWT. Swing was the next generation GUI toolkit introduced by Sun in Java Platform, Standard Edition (J2SE) 1.2. The original AWT was a simple Java wrapper library around native ( operating system-supplied) widgets such as menus, windows, and buttons.

The first Java GUI toolkit was the Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT), introduced with Java Development Kit (JDK) 1.0 as one component of Sun Microsystems' Java platform. 2.5 Extensibility and comparison to other Java code.The toolkit is free and open-source software distributed under the Eclipse Public License, which is approved by the Open Source Initiative. Programs that call SWT are portable, but the implementation of the toolkit, despite part of it being written in Java, is unique for each platform. To display GUI elements, the SWT implementation accesses the native GUI libraries of the operating system using Java Native Interface (JNI) in a manner that is similar to those programs written using operating system-specific application programming interfaces (APIs). It is an alternative to the Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT) and Swing Java graphical user interface (GUI) toolkits provided by Sun Microsystems as part of the Java Platform, Standard Edition (J2SE). It was originally developed by Stephen Northover at IBM and is now maintained by the Eclipse Foundation in tandem with the Eclipse IDE. The Standard Widget Toolkit ( SWT) is a graphical widget toolkit for use with the Java platform.